人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)是指用于人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員進出設備以(yi)便安裝、檢(jian)(jian)修和(he)(he)安全檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)的(de)開(kai)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)結構。主要由短筒節（或(huo)短管）、法蘭和(he)(he)帶(dai)把手的(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)蓋(gai)(gai)組成。從安全檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)考慮(lv)，壓(ya)力容器要求開(kai)設的(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)數及(ji)其小(xiao)尺(chi)寸見“檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)”。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)材料有(you)碳鋼(gang)和(he)(he)不(bu)銹鋼(gang)。按(an)受(shou)壓(ya)情(qing)況人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)分(fen)為常(chang)壓(ya)和(he)(he)受(shou)壓(ya)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)；按(an)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)分(fen)為圓形(xing)(xing)(xing)、橢圓形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)矩形(xing)(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)，矩形(xing)(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)僅(jin)適(shi)用于常(chang)壓(ya)設備；按(an)安裝位置人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)分(fen)為水平和(he)(he)垂直(zhi)安裝人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)；人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)蓋(gai)(gai)固定方式有(you)迥轉蓋(gai)(gai)和(he)(he)吊蓋(gai)(gai)；人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)開(kai)后速(su)度有(you)普通式和(he)(he)快開(kai)式，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)結構和(he)(he)尺(chi)寸一般(ban)都已標準化，可參(can)照(zhao)有(you)關手冊(ce)選(xuan)用或(huo)設計。